National Foundation Day (建国記念の日, Kenkoku Kinen no Hi) is a national holiday celebrated annually in Japan on February 11th. The day commemorates the founding of Japan and honors its first emperor, Emperor Jimmu, who is traditionally believed to have ascended to the throne on this day in 660 BCE. This makes National Foundation Day one of the oldest national celebrations in the world, reflecting the long and rich history of the Japanese people.
Though the historical accuracy of Emperor Jimmu’s reign is debated, the day serves as an occasion for reflecting on Japan’s origins and the nation’s cultural heritage. It is a moment for the Japanese people to express pride in their national identity and to celebrate unity, patriotism, and the values that have shaped the country over millennia.
While National Foundation Day is not associated with religious or political rituals, it is a day of great national significance. It is marked by various ceremonies, cultural events, and public celebrations that honor Japan’s history and people.
Key Details
| Details | Information |
|---|---|
| Date | February 11th |
| Organizing Body | Japanese Government |
| Type of Observance | National Holiday |
| Best Hashtags | #NationalFoundationDay #Japan #EmperorJimmu |
History and Origin
National Foundation Day is deeply rooted in Japan’s mythology and history. According to the Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan), a historical text compiled in the 8th century, Emperor Jimmu is said to have been the first ruler of Japan, beginning his reign in 660 BCE. The day of his ascension to the throne—February 11th—was later recognized as the birth of the nation.
Emperor Jimmu’s legend traces his lineage back to the sun goddess Amaterasu, who is revered as one of the most important deities in Japanese Shinto religion. The Japanese imperial family claims descent from Amaterasu, which emphasizes the connection between the emperor and divine ancestry in Japanese culture.
Although National Foundation Day has its roots in ancient mythology, the modern observance of the day dates back to the Meiji era (1868-1912), following the establishment of the Meiji Constitution in 1889. The day was originally celebrated as Emperor’s Day until it was officially renamed National Foundation Day in 1966, during the post-war period. This name change helped shift the focus from reverence for the emperor to the celebration of Japan as a unified nation.
How It Is Celebrated
National Foundation Day is celebrated with a variety of events, both official and informal. The day is recognized nationwide and is often marked by public ceremonies, parades, and traditional rituals. Here are some common ways it is observed:
- Official Ceremonies:
- The Japanese government organizes an official National Foundation Day ceremony at the National Theatre in Tokyo, attended by the Emperor, the Prime Minister, and other political leaders. This ceremony includes speeches, traditional performances, and prayers for the well-being and prosperity of the nation.
- At Meiji Shrine in Tokyo, a Shinto ritual is held to honor Emperor Jimmu and pray for Japan’s continued peace and prosperity.
- Public Celebrations:
- Many Japanese people celebrate the day with family gatherings, cultural activities, and local festivals. National Foundation Day is often considered a day for patriotism, with citizens displaying the Japanese flag (Hinomaru) at their homes, schools, and workplaces.
- There may also be parades or sports events held in cities and towns, reflecting a spirit of national unity.
- Cultural Events and Exhibitions:
- Museums, historical sites, and cultural institutions may host special exhibitions that focus on Japan’s history, culture, and the significance of the day. These can include performances of traditional Japanese music, dance, and martial arts, as well as educational programs for children and visitors.
- Educational Programs:
- Schools and universities may observe National Foundation Day with lessons on Japanese history, the legend of Emperor Jimmu, and the development of the Japanese nation over the centuries. Students often engage in activities that encourage pride in their national identity and history.
- Reflection on Peace:
- In recent years, National Foundation Day has become a day for Japanese citizens to reflect on peace and international relations. This is especially relevant given the country’s post-World War II transformation and commitment to peace and diplomacy. Discussions on Japan’s role in the global community often take place, emphasizing the country’s values of peace, cooperation, and harmony.
As Japan continues to play an important role in the world, National Foundation Day remains a cherished tradition, providing an opportunity for the Japanese people to celebrate their rich heritage and to reflect on their shared values of peace and harmony.
